Water Purification - Well Water treatment using Alumn / Fitkari

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How to filter well water?
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This video is made for simple water purification of well water.

What is Alum and How Does it Work?

Alum (aluminum sulfate) is a nontoxic liquid that
is commonly used in water treatment plants to
clarify drinking water. It’s use in lakes began in
the early 1970’s and is used to reduce the amount
of phosphorus in the water. Lower amounts of
phosphorus lead to lower amounts of algae and the
symptoms associated with poor water quality. Alum is
most often used to control phosphorus release from the
lake bottom sediments (internal loading). Research has
shown that even when external sources of phosphorus
from the surrounding watershed are lowered, the
internal cycling can continue to support significant
nuisance algal blooms.
Alum is applied to lakes using specialized equipment and barges that ensure the precise placement of
the material in the lake. On contact with the water, the liquid alum forms a fluffy aluminum hydroxide
precipitate called floc. Aluminum hydroxide (the principle ingredient of common antacids such as
Maalox) binds with the phosphorus to form an aluminum phosphate compound. The compound is
insoluble in water and the bound phosphorus can no longer be used to fuel the algae. As the floc
settles, phosphorus and particles are removed from the water column leaving the lake noticeably
clearer. The floc then forms a thin layer on the bottom that binds the phosphorus as it leaches out of the
bottom sediments during internal loading events. The floc layer keeps the phosphorus from entering the
overlying water and makes it unavailable to the algae. The result is a reduction in the frequency and
intensity of nuisance algal boom, rather than the total elimination of all algae.

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